COPD and Lungs

Lungs and its Functions; An Overview

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The lungs are a pair of organs in the chest that are primarily responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood. The exchange of the air between the lungs and blood are through the arterial and venous system. Arteries and veins both carry and move blood throughout the body, but the process for each is very different. The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped organs made up of spongy, pinkish-grey tissue. They take up most of the space in the chest, or the thorax (the part of the body between the base of the neck and diaphragm). One main stem bronchus leads to the right lung and one to the left lung. In the lungs, the main stem bronchi divide into smaller bronchi and then into even smaller tubes called bronchioles. Bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli. Breathing becomes more challenging in COPD because more mucus is produced in the lungs. The bronchioles become inflamed and narrower in COPD patient.